Friday, August 28, 2015

Gita for Youth - Moksha Yoga (Yoga of Emancipation) - The Last Message

Last Messages

“By means of the mental faculty, renounce all actions unto Me and make Me your greatest goal. Taking refuge with Buddhi Yoga, be steadfast in thinking about Me. By being in constant communion with Me, you will be able to get rid of all evils in your life by My grace. However, if you do not listen to Me out of egoism, you will perish.”

By cultivating thoughts which are devoted only to the Lord, one is able to transcend all miseries and troubles. One then attains a state of mind which is pure and tranquil. When all actions are renounced to the Lord, the person concerned has no aspiration, worry, anxiety, attachment, aversion, lust or desire left. His entire nature is then filled with the thoughts of the Supreme Being. However, if by being egoistic, one disregards the advice provided by a purified intelligence and mind, one is bound to suffer. Sri Krishna has asked Arjuna to fight relinquishing all fruits. If Arjuna, out of the pity that he had possessed in the beginning, thinks otherwise, he will be in deep sorrow as the war will claim all his relatives and friends. Instead, if he battles, he will be able to save lives and also be able to recover from the blows which destiny will deal to him. Being established in God, he will get the knowledge and wisdom to tide over all crises and losses. We have seen the same happening during and after Kurukshetra war, when Arjuna’s son Abhimanyu died, the five sons of Draupadi were killed, allies like Virata and Drupada fell, and the entire Panchala clan was destroyed by Drona and his son Asvastthama. Arjuna and Pandavas temporarily lost mental peace but could recover the same with Sri Krishna's grace.

“If out of egoism you claim that you will not fight, you take a false vow, as your nature will direct you (to fight). Everybody, Kaunteya, is engaged in their own work propelled by their own nature. Whatever you refuse to do out of delusion, you will be forced to do (by your nature).”

This is a masterpiece of psychology. A carpenter is drawn towards wood work because his nature forces him to work on wood. An artist will paint and a musician will sing because of the same reason. We all are born with certain inherent tendencies which are part of our nature. Such tendencies manifest themselves as we grow up and these tendencies decide as to what we are fit to do in our lives. If we do something different from the inherent tendencies, we normally suffer. It takes a great force to go against one’s nature and often it is counterproductive. 

Does that mean that a thief or murderer can be acquitted and can never be reformed since it is in their nature to steal and commit violence? A thief steals because his nature compels him to do so but it is in his power to subdue that nature and imbibe a higher nature. A nature which compels one to perform baser actions is a poorer nature of the Tamasik type and we know that Tamas can be overcome by Rajas and Rajas by Sattva – a gradual progress from lower to higher forms of nature. So unless there is a struggle within ourselves we are victims in the hand of our nature. Does this mean that the Lord advises the thief to carry out its own activity, i.e. stealing? Again, that’s not the case. The Lord wants us to follow our higher nature and call of the duty and not the lower nature and the call of the wild. Arjuna’s duty is to fight and therefore by being negligent he is actually falling prey to his lower nature, of the Tamasik type. Often Tamas comes in the garb of Sattva. Here also Arjuna (and the scholars and intellectuals) think that he is being compassionate by not waging the war, when in reality he is afraid, of losses, of suffering, of pain, of sin and ingratitude. The whole endeavor of Gita is to enable us to overcome our lower nature and reach the higher and higher ones. This is further evident from the last few lines. In the next verse Sri Krishna explains the reason behind all our troubles and miseries.

“Oh Arjuna, Iswara, the Lord God, is situated in the heart of all beings. (Without knowing it) all beings are caught up in the whirlwind of Maya, the divine illusive force, in a mechanical way. Therefore go and perform all your duties and actions in all circumstances by remembering that (Iswara). By the grace of that you will get the eternal state of supreme bliss.”

This is the core of Gita’s teaching. Every living being is inherently divine, only we know it not. We are deluded by the nature, the Maya, who is the great Para Prakrti. Maya is a great mystery. It is Maya that deludes us from knowing our nature. It is a great force that pervades this universe. It exists and also it does not exist. It is an instrument in the hand of God to perpetuate the creation. It is composed of the three gunasSattva, Rajas and Tamas which make up the entire universe. One, who transcends the gunas, transcends Maya and therefore realizes God or Self. The Maya is composed of Avidya or ignorance and Vidya or knowledge. Vidya directs us towards God and enables us to ascend along the spiritual path, while Avidya forcefully thrusts us into the frying pan of the world and worldliness, the quicksand of the base nature, with the help of its weapons like lust, greed, desire, anger, attachment, delusion, pride, ego, vanity, sloth, hatred, suffering, sickness, selfishness, cowardice, i.e. in sort all rajasik and tamasik qualities. It is Avidya Maya that is variously known as Satan or Devil or Mar in different religions. It is the source of all temptations for a spiritual aspirant. As long as one is under the spell of Avidya, one never realizes God, or even possesses the urge to do so. It is only when an aspirant comes under Vidya Maya that the first glimpses of truth dawn on him or her and therefore he or she pines for the Absolute Truth, living behind all prejudices, dogmas, and doctrines of established religions. Avidya Maya is the sustainer of the material world, while Vidya, like St. Peter has the key to the golden gate of the kingdom of heaven, the Absolute Bliss, the Supreme Knowledge, the Supreme Consciousness or Being (Sat-Chit-Ananda or Brahman). Maya is the veil that covers the God realization from us. Remove the veil and you will see the Supreme Truth yourself, just as scum cover the clear water in a tank or a cloud covers the sun light – so says Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa.

How is Maya overcome, or how can the veil be removed? Chapter 7 first provided the answer – One who worships Me can swim across the great ocean of Maya. Now the Lord reveals that Maya is overcome through the grace of the God, if one takes complete refuge in God in all activities.

“Now you have been told the great secrets and mysteries (of spiritual life) by Me. By listening to this raptly, do whatever you desire.”

The intellectuals who claim that Sri Krishna coaxes Arjuna to fight the war should do well to read this statement of His. After explaining everything to Arjuna and revealing to him all secrets the Lord neither coaxes, nor cajoles, nor does He request him to fight. He merely says, "do whatever you please." Desire of fighting was always there inside Arjuna, only he was hesitating under the spell of weakness. When the teaching enabled him to regain his strength, his desire to fight was intensified, and after that he did not look back.

Sri Krishna thus reveals Himself to all spiritual aspirants through this discourse to Arjuna. The entire world is facing a terrible battle, which is fought in the innermost core of the human heart – the fight between good and evil, between gods and demons, the daiva or the divine tendencies and the asura or the demoniac qualities. It is up to us to listen to Him and act and thus excel in our spiritual life or ignore Him at our own peril.

But this is not the end; something is still there in the Lord’s mind. He knows the tendencies of all the worldly beings, those who appeared in the past, those who are present and those who would come in the future. He knows that not everybody is fit for the path of contemplation or action or even the highest devotion as prescribed in Gita. But they would still pine for the Truth. They need to have some hope. There should also be some hope for Arjuna, after he had fought and won over his enemies. He may think his mission accomplished but still may not get the much cherished peace, thinking all the while about the mayhem. Therefore He says, “Now listen to the greatest of all secrets, you are my great favorite and therefore I tell unto you something of immense benefit. Relinquish all duties and take complete refuge in Me. I shall free you from all sins, do not grieve. Devote your mind to Me, be My devotee, My worshiper, bow down to Me (i.e. surrender to Me). I truthfully promise you, who is so dear to Me that you’ll get Me.”

Complete surrender is not for everybody. That would need the greatest strength imaginable for a devotee. Sri Ramakrishna bestowed the same to Girish Chandra Ghosh, the bravest of his devotees, when he asked the latter to give “power of attorney” to him. A “power of attorney” to God implies total and unconditional surrender of everything – of will, name, fame, thoughts, actions, desires, families, friends, in short, everything connected with the twin attributes of possessiveness and ego – “I” and “Mine”. Once this happens, one is automatically free from all sins, because all his actions are destroyed as a result. At the same time, this is so difficult. Girish realized this when he could not even cry when his sons and daughters and dear wife died as they were not his to cry. Total surrender demands surrender over the all rights and responsibilities. Arjuna also realized this when sons of five Pandavas were all killed in the great battle. The Lord will take up responsibility of only those who become children of the Lord. One cannot take up responsibility of an adult but one willingly takes up the responsibility of children. Therefore through such complete surrender one becomes as pure and simple as a little child. Jesus meant the same when he said that kingdom of heaven is reached only through children. Such children are the pure hearted children of the universal mother who will not even look back when her child is busy playing with his toys of material happiness, but will come running when the child, leaving behind all such toys, piteously cries for her company.

A devotee who has surrendered unconditionally will get the Lord, is His solemn promise to the mankind. This is a message of great hope.


Every message of Gita is universal because it transcends all artificial barriers of religion, caste, race, cultures and geographies. The same truth as proclaimed in Gita is seen in other scriptures. The languages may be different, the context may be different, the dogmas may vary, but the message is applicable to all. Unless that happens a scripture isn’t truly God’s message to the mankind, because God does not speak to one particular sect, culture or creed. He is universal and therefore His message must be universal. 

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